The term “goat farming in India” indicates towards breeding and raising of goats domestically, being a segment of “animal husbandry.” The main reason of farming goat is related to their skins, milk, meat, fiber and so on.

However goat farming is a highly interesting and wired experience which is not clearly known by all people. There are also many people involved in goat farming, who actually have no clear idea or knowledge regarding the farming of goats or taking care of them

Nowadays goat farming has become commercially popular day after day.  It has also found that goat farming has become highly profit earning as time passes by and it has brought a growth in modern India.   

This commercial farming is known as the established and finest livestock management sector in India. As per researchers, appropriate spread and heavy market demand would help to ensure sustainability and fast profitability in this goat farming for a long range basis.

However, the commercial farming of goat has been accepted by some progressive and large producers, large companies, industrialists and businessman.

Those large organizations or producers are involved in managing a specific segment of the entire market. Spontaneous escalation of goat milk and meat seems to be enlightened in this farming sector.

On another side, in country like India goats are treated as one of the primary meat processing animals. Despite of meat processing goat farming is also popular for skin, milk and fiber production.

Those goats put an important and great offering in the economy of rural areas of a country, mainly in some specific areas like arid, semi-arid and mountainous zones of India. They create superb quality manure that would aid them to grow the production of the crop.

Advantages of Goat Farming in India:

Some advantages have found in the commercial or domestic goat farming in India. Some benefits have tried to point out here:

• Goats are farmed because of its multifunctional activities, as it can produce meat, milk, skin and fiber together.
• In comparison with cow, buffalo or livestock farming, this goat farming would need less extra facilities and space. They demand very less of management and housing. In the range of small scale they would also capable in sharing their housings with their producers or other livestock’s.
• Cost of production that includes treatment, feeding and infrastructure are comparatively low.
• People who are interested in doing this goat farming would not need to put much effort for marketing their farm products, as these farming products are well established in the market of the country.
• It has found that to farm goat is comparatively easy than farming other animals.
• On another side, goats are capable to accept themselves approximately under any other agro-climate situations. Despite this environment friendly nature, diseases are not much in goats.
• Size of goats are smaller, however they quickly reach at slaughter age.
• Milk and meat produces by goat also acceptable throughout the globe and also does not have any religious issue.

How To Start Goat Farming:

Before starting the farming of goats one must need to follow some procedures clearly. It would be better if any training regarding the procedures of goat farming could be taken from any training center of livestock farming. Once this training has done, then one would start the farming of goats in a commercial manner. Those steps are discussed in details below:

Step 1: Choose an Appropriate Location

As per many researches, it has shown that India has highly suitable areas for farming goats. Before starting this goat farming the interested person needs to choose a suitable area that carries all kinds of benefits to make this farming successful. However, during the selection of area for goat farming, one  needs to consider such below mentioned points, they are:

• .Choose an appropriate area which carries a good resource of clean and fresh water.
• That place must be worthy for crop, grass, several green plants and so on. Existence of such products would aid to reduce the supplementary cost of feeding of goats.
• This farming area would not situate at long distance from the town or market.
• It would be assured that a suitable land must be present at the specific zone for buying medicines and necessary commodities.
• At first recognize whether any other farm is situated in the same locality.
• Find if any suitable market zone along with heavy urging is present near the specified farming zone.
• Endeavour in selecting the zone in villages, as labors and lands must be found easily at very cheap price in farming areas.
• Make sure regarding the accessibility of several kinds of veterinary activities in that zone. If this facility is not present, then the farmer should keep all kinds of required medicines and vaccines in the farm.
• A standard transportation system must be there, so that it would help easily to marketwise the products and also purchase compulsory commodities from the nearby town or market.

Step 2: Decide the Product One Want to Process:

Before penetrating into the goat farming activities, one need to decide which type of goat items they need to make from their farm. In the similar phase, one might prepare milk, tasty meat, valuable skins, useful, manure or fiber from the farming.

One would decide which kind of goat items one want to prepare and present the next phases. One would easily proceed with the dairy products and meat in this goat farming. According to market research, milk and goat meat always has a high demand in the market of India.

Setting up dairy products and commercial meat business gives a high range of profit which is higher than fiber or skin production. The farmer also can visit local town or market before penetrating this goat farming and also try to comprehend which diary item has a high price and demand. After that make a decision and select right breeds required for the goat production.

Step 3: Select the Perfect Breeds:

It has been found that numerous types of goat breeds are present in country like India. However, all types of breeds are not perfect for doing production commercially. Some of those goat breeds are very suitable and highly productive for arranging commercial farming in this country.

• Jamunapari goat: This type of breed is a native kind of Indian breed. This type of goat gives meat and milk which has great medicinal value also. However, this type of breed is mainly farmed for high level of milk production capability. It has seen that female goats are capable to bring out almost 2 litters to 3 litter milk per day. Weight of a female goat is approximately 40kg to 60kg, whereas the height of an adult male goat is 65kg to 90kg.
• Boer Goat: These types of goats are belonging from South Africa, but it can easily farm in India. They are mainly popular for producing meat. The weight of adult male boer goat is approximately 110kg to 115kg, for female this weight will be 90kg to 100kg.
• Beetal goat: The origin of this breed is India. These breeds can highly produce milk, along with meat. These goats are capable to prepare approx 2.5 litter to 4 litter milk per day. The weight of an adult male goat is almost 65kg whereas the weight of adult female goat is almost 45 kg,
• Black Bengal: This type of goats is belonging to Bangladesh. These types of goats are treated as one of the major small livestock farming. Those goats are highly popular for fiber, milk, skin and meat production. Black Bengal has the capacity to fit them under any climate easily. Their milk and meat are good in taste and also highly demanding among consumers.
• Saanen goat: This goat breed generally belongs to Switzerland. However this type of breed is giving production of commercial milk in India. This type of goats is able to give high range milk like Alpine and Janunapari goat. They are capable in giving almost 3.8 liters of milk per day. The weight of an adult female Saanen goat is 60kg to 70kg, whereas the weight of a male goat is approximately 70kg to 90kg.

Step 4: Housing:

It seems that housing plays a vital role in the scenario of commercial farming of goats in country like India. However, maximum ratios of goat owners are farming goats in small area and also grow up them along with several livestock like cattle or sheep.

However, this kind of goat farming style is not able to achieve the maximum level of production. Hence, before penetrating into commercial goat farming, one needs to set up a resolute goat housing structure

Especially, in recent times, the design of those goats housing are along with stall feeding facility which makes to very popular. Despite this new structure would assure that one would get high range of profit and production which is higher than rest conventional systems.

Step 5: Feeding Services:

The growth and production of goats can be maximized by feeding them nutritious and well balanced food items. It has seen that maximum successful goat farmers are feeding their breeds almost 0.12 to 0.18 protein carrying feeds.

This food items must carry all kinds of important minerals, vitamins, and also other important ingredients at an appropriate rate. One also needs to assure regarding enough supply of many green grass or food items

They would not provide any expired or contaminated food items. Preparing a grazing or pasture place might be efficient to get higher rate of production.

Step 6: Veterinary Service:

Accessibility of veterinary activities is highly required for making up commercial goat breed farming business. Hence, one needs to assure appropriate veterinary treatments for goats. One needs to keep all kinds of appropriate medicines and necessary vaccines in the farm.

Step 7: Management and Special care:

One needs to take care well for their goats. Detect all types of their daily actions. The farmer needs to segregate weak breeds from well structured goats and give proper treatment.

Step 8: Marketing Management

A well maintained marketing strategies needs to develop to maximize the advantages from farming in this country.